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The Arab world ((アラビア語:العالم العربي) '; formally: '), also known as the Arab Nation ( '), consists of the 22 Arabic-speaking countries of the Arab League.〔 The standard definition of the Arab world comprises the 22 countries and territories of the Arab League. These Arab states occupy an area stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the Horn of Africa and the Indian Ocean in the southeast.〔 The Arab world has a combined population of around 422 million people, with over half under 25 years of age. The sentiment of Arab nationalism arose in the second half of the 19th century along with other nationalist movements within the Ottoman Empire. The Arab League was formed in 1945 to represent the interests of the Arabs, and especially to pursue the political unification of the Arab countries, a project known as Pan-Arabism. The term "Arab world" is usually rejected by those who live in the region but do not consider themselves Arabs—such as Berbers and Kurds—as it implies the entire region is Arab in its identity, population, and origin, whereas the original homeland of the Arabs is the Arabian Peninsula. The term is also rejected by some indigenous Semitic minorities such as the Assyrians, and many of the Maronites and Copts, as they pre-date Arabs in North Africa, Mesopotamia and the Eastern Mediterranean. Although some countries such as Israel are surrounded only by Arab countries and have Arabic as an official language, the majority of the population is not Arab in origin (in this case, Israeli Jews) and they are not generally considered Arab states. ==Definition== The linguistic and political denotation inherent in the term ''Arab'' is generally dominant over genealogical considerations. Thus, individuals with little or no direct ancestry from the Arabian Peninsula could identify themselves or be considered to be Arabs, partially by virtue of their first language. Such an identity however, is disputed by many peoples. Lebanese, Egyptians, Moroccans for example, may or may not identify themselves as Arabs. In Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, Modern Standard Arabic (as is the case in other Arab states) is only used by the government. The language of the nation is called Darija, which means "everyday/colloquial language."〔Wehr, Hans: ''Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic'' (2011); Harrell, Richard S.: ''Dictionary of Moroccan Arabic'' (1966)〕 Darija shares the majority of its vocabulary with standard Arabic, but it also significantly borrows from Berber (Tamazight) substrates,〔Tilmatine Mohand, Substrat et convergences: Le berbére et l'arabe nord-africain (1999), in Estudios de dialectologia norteaafricana y andalusi 4, pp 99–119〕 as well as extensively from French – the language of the historical colonial occupier of the Maghreb. Darija is spoken and, to various extents, mutually understood in the Maghreb countries, especially Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, but is unintelligible to speakers of other Arabic dialects—mainly for those in Egypt and the Middle East.〔http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=ary〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arab world」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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